Guarani Corpus

Funded by NSF BCS-1917619

Additional Resources Publications

Covert Direct Object Pronoun


Mombe'u Stories


Story #1

(1)
——ha'ú-pa Covert Direct Object Pronoun térã a-hejá-nte o-ho ∅?Covert Direct Object Pronoun
——1Sg.eat-tot.Asp 3.Pron.DO or 1Sg-let-just 3Sg-go 3.Pron.DO

I eat him up or do I just let him go?"

le como o le dejo ir?"


(2)
——ha'ú-pa Covert Direct Object Pronoun térã a-hejá-nte o-ho ∅?Covert Direct Object Pronoun
——1Sg.eat-tot.Asp 3.Pron.DO or 1Sg-let-just 3Sg-go 3.Pron.DO

I eat him up or do I just let him go?"

le como o le dejo ir?"


(3)
——He'u Covert Direct Object Pronoun katu ——he'i
——3Sg-eat 3.Pron.DO FOC ——3Sg-say

"Eat him," he said,

"Comele sique," le dijo,


——ko'ãva nd-oi-kuaa-sé-i ñande-hegui mba'eve, na-i-korasõi-ri.
——these [men] Neg-3Sg-know-Des-Neg 1Pl.Incl-Pl.Obl nothing Neg-3.Poss-heart-Neg

"these men do not want to know anything about us, they do not have a heart."

estos hombres no quieren saber nada de nosotros, no tienen corazón.


(4)
——He'u katu Covert Direct Object Pronoun ——he'i mbói-pe.
——3Sg-eat Emph 3.Pron.DO ——3Sg-say snake-IO

"Eat him," he said to the snake.

"Comele sique," le dijo a la víbora.


(5)(6)
'he'u-ke ∅'Covert Direct Object Pronoun térã 'anike re'u ∅.'Covert Direct Object Pronoun
'eat-Imp 3.Pron.DO' or.Prep 'Neg.Imp-eat 3.Pron.DO.'

"'eat him' or 'do not eat him."

"'comele' o 'no le comas.'"


(7)
——E-ñe-moĩ-mi jey Covert Direct Object Pronoun pe rei-me hagué-pe,Locational Relative Pronoun 'ha'
——Imp-Refl-put-Dim again 2Sg.Pron.DO Dem 2Sg-be.Loc Rel.Term-Loc-place

"Please put yourself again at the place where you were,

"Ponete otra vez en el lugar donde estabas,


Story #5

(1)
——A-ha'arõ-ta Covert Direct Object Pronoun o-ñe-mboja-pa hikuái,
——1Sg-wait-Prosp 3.Pron.DO 3Pl-Refl-get.close-Compl 3Pl.Pron.Subj

"I will wait for them all to get closer"

"Voy a esperar que se acerquen todos,"


(2)
——Pe-mboguejy Covert Direct Object Pronoun ko ñu perõ-me, ja-pytu'u-mi ko ahẽ rymbá-gui.
——Imp.2Pl-get.down 3.Pron.DO Dem field bare-Loc 1Pl-rest-Dim Dem miserable animal-from.Prep

"Put him down in this bare field, let's take rest of this miserable animal."

"Bájanle en este campo pelado, descansemos de este mísero animal."


Story #10

(1)
ha o-gueru Covert Direct Object Pronoun la hóga-pe.
Conj 3Sg-bring 3.Pron.DO Def.Det 3.Poss-house-Loc.Prep

and brought [them] to his house.

y [los] trajo a su casa.


Story #11


(1)
——E-[gue]ru pe ne kuã ha e-moi-nge Covert Direct Object Pronoun pe che jurú-pe.
——Imp-bring Dem 2Sg.Poss finger Conj Imp-put-FOC 3.Pron.DO Dem 1Sg.Poss mouth-Loc

"Bring your finger and put it in my mouth."

"Trae tu dedo y lo mete en mi boca."


(2)
——E-mbou katu ∅;Covert Direct Object Pronoun anive re-kyhyje.
——Imp-pass FOC 3.Pron.DO Neg 2Sg-be.afraid

"Pass it to me; don’t be afraid.

"Pasámelo si que; no tengas miedo.


(3)
o-guenohẽ-vo ndajeReportative Evidential 'ndaje' ∅,Covert Direct Object Pronoun o-sẽ peteĩ kuãirũ la i-kuã-re.
3Sg-take.out-Simult Report.Evid 3.Pron.DO 3Sg-come.out one ring Def.Det 3.Poss-finger-Obl

when removing it, it is said that a ring came out on his finger.

al sacarlo, dice que salió un anillo por su dedo.


Story #12

(1)(2)
——A-mombo-pa Covert Direct Object Pronoun [pórke] che rembirekó-pe ndo-gustái-gui [ndoipotái-gui] Covert Direct Object Pronoun
——1Sg-throw.out-Compl 3.Pron.DO [because] 1Sg.Poss wife-IO 2Sg-like-Prep 3.Pron.DO

"I threw it all out because my wife did not like it:

"Tiré todo porque a mi esposa no le gustó:


(3)(4)
Ha ha’e ningo o-gueru Covert Direct Object Pronoun kuriRetrospective Aspect 'kuri' o-jokua Covert Direct Object Pronoun trápo-pe
Conj 3.Pron FOC 3Sg-bring 3.Pron.DO Retrosp.Asp 3Sg-tie 3.Pron.DO cloth-Loc

And he brought [it = what they had dug out] [and] he [it to] tied a piece of cloth

Y el trajo [lo desenterrado] [y] [lo] ató en un trapo


(5)
karai Vito o-mombo Covert Direct Object Pronoun peteĩ akuare’ẽ-ndý-pe.
Mr. Vito 3Sg-throw.out 3.Pron.DO one reedbed-in-Loc

Mr. Vito threw [them] out in a reedbed.

el señor Victor [los] tiró en un cañaveral.


N-o-mombó-i Covert Direct Object Pronoun sementério-pe pórke o-dekonfía hese
Neg-3Sg-throw.out-Neg 3.Pron.DO cemetery-Loc because 3Sg-not.trust 3.Pron.Obl

He did not throw [them] in the cemetery because he suspected

No [los] tiró en el cementerio porque desconfía de él


(7)
ndéve a-ofrese Covert Direct Object Pronoun raẽ va’erã -haSubordinate 'ha'
2Sg.Pron.IO 1Sg-offer 3.Pron.DO first Mod -Sub

I should offer [it] to you first."

a vos te [la] tenía que ofrecer primero."


(8)
O-guereko Covert Direct Object Pronoun ndajeReportative Evidential 'ndaje' are h-óga-pe,
3Sg-have 3.Pron.DO Report.Evid long.time 3.Poss-house-Loc

It is said that he had [them = the bones] a long time in his house,

Se dice que [los] tuvo mucho tiempo en su casa [los huesos],


(9)
Are o-heka Covert Direct Object Pronoun ha upéi o-je-deha.
long.time 3Sg-search 3.Pron.DO Conj then 3Sg-Refl-leave

He looked for [it] for a long time and then he stopped looking.

Mucho tiempo [lo] buscó y después dejó [de buscar].


(10)
Ha pe o-perde-pa pota-ite jave, o-ñe-mono’õ Covert Direct Object Pronoun jey.
Conj Dem 3Sg-lose-Compl about-Superl at.moment 3Sg-Refl-gather 3.Pron.DO again

And when he was about to lose, he gathered [them = the cards] again.

Y como cuando ya estaba por [a punto de] perder todo, [las] juntó otra vez.


(11)
O-guahẽ ndajeReportative Evidential 'ndaje' la óga-pe, ha o-mombó-vo Covert Direct Object Pronoun la kosina ekína-pe,
3Sg-arrive Report.Evid Def.Det house-Loc Conj 3Sg-throw-Simult 3.Pron.DO Def.Det kitchen corner-Loc

He arrived, it is said, at the house, and he threw [it = the bone] in a corner of the kitchen;

Llegó, se dice que, a la casa, y al tirar[lo = el hueso] en una esquina de la cocina;


(12)
ha o-porandu chupe moõ-pa o-juhu ∅:Covert Direct Object Pronoun
Conj 3Sg-ask 3.Pron.IO where-Q 3Sg-find 3.Pron.DO

and asked him where he had found [it = the horse’s bone].

y le preguntó dónde [lo] había encontrado [= el hueso].